Scientific Reference
Semax
Evidence profile: Predominantly preclinical
Semax is a synthetic heptapeptide derived from adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) fragment 4-10, extensively studied for its nootropic, neuroprotective, and neurorestorative properties. Originally developed in Russia for stroke recovery and approved there as a pharmaceutical, this brain-targeted peptide rapidly increases BDNF levels and modulates dopaminergic and serotonergic systems to enhance cognitive function, memory, and focus. Administered intranasally, Semax is transported directly to the CNS through the olfactory epithelium and trigeminal nerves, bypassing the blood-brain barrier for rapid and efficient brain delivery. Clinical and imaging studies demonstrate enhanced neural connectivity and increased BDNF expression associated with improved cognitive performance and recovery outcomes.
Mechanism of Action
Semax is transported through the olfactory epithelium and trigeminal nerves directly into the CNS, bypassing the blood-brain barrier. It increases BDNF expression, a key neurotrophin for synaptic plasticity and neuronal survival, and modulates dopaminergic and serotonergic neurotransmitter systems. It also influences gene expression related to immune and vascular pathways during neurological stress, supporting neuroprotection and recovery.
Molecular Information
- Type: Synthetic ACTH analog (heptapeptide)
- Length: 7 amino acids
- Molecular weight: 813.9 g/mol
- Molecular formula: C37H51N9O10S
- CAS: 80714-61-0