Scientific Reference
Pinealon (EDR)
Evidence profile: Controlled human evidence
Pinealon (Glu-Asp-Arg/EDR) is a synthetic tripeptide bioregulator developed in Russia that demonstrates unique DNA-interaction capabilities for neuroprotection and cognitive enhancement. Research suggests benefits for traumatic brain injury recovery, age-related cognitive decline, and cellular aging processes through direct gene expression modulation. Studies have shown that Pinealon exerts neuroprotective effects through MAPK/ERK pathway modulation, reduced neuroinflammation, and enhanced NMDA receptor expression in hippocampal regions. Its ability to directly interact with DNA and influence gene expression makes it distinct from other peptide bioregulators.
Mechanism of Action
Pinealon (EDR) directly interacts with DNA regulatory regions to modulate gene expression in neuronal tissue. It exerts neuroprotective effects through MAPK/ERK pathway modulation, reduces neuroinflammation, and increases NMDA receptor expression in the hippocampus. At lower concentrations it demonstrates antioxidant effects; at higher concentrations it modulates cell cycle activity. These combined actions produce concentration-dependent neuroprotective and anti-aging outcomes.
Molecular Information
- Type: Synthetic tripeptide bioregulator
- Length: 3 amino acids
- Molecular weight: 418.40 g/mol
- Molecular formula: C15H26N6O8
Published Research
[The peptide correction of neurotic disorders among professional truck-drivers]
Bashkireva AS et al. · Advances in gerontology = Uspekhi gerontologii · 2012 · Clinical
PMID 23734521 — View on PubMed